|
The black-naped monarch or black-naped blue flycatcher (''Hypothymis azurea'') is a slim and agile passerine bird belonging to the family of monarch flycatchers. They are sexually dimorphic with males having a distinctive black patch on the back of the head and a narrow black half collar ("necklace") while the female is duller and lacks the black markings. They have a call that is similar to that of the Asian paradise flycatcher and in tropical forest habitats pairs may join mixed-species foraging flocks. Populations differ slightly in plumage colour and sizes. ==Description== The adult male black-naped monarch is about 16 cm long, and is mainly pale azure blue apart from a whitish lower belly. It has a black nape and a narrow black gorget. The female is duller and lacks the black markings. Her wings and back are grey-brown. There are however several geographically separated breeding populations that differ in the extent and shade of markings. The Indian peninsula (includes ''sykesi'' of Stuart Baker) has subspecies ''styani'' which has the black markings very distinct. Males of the Sri Lankan race ''H. a. ceylonensis'' lack the black nape and gorget and the shade is more purplish. The subspecies of the Andaman Islands, ''tytleri'', has the underparts blue grey. The form on Car Nicobar Island ''idiochroa'' has a greyish white belly while ''nicobarica'' from the southern Nicobars has a smaller and finer bill. The colour of the gape is yellowish to green. The nominate form is described from the Philippines. A number of other subspecies have been described from Southeast Asia. These include:〔 * ''oberholseri'' Stresemann, 1913 from Taiwan. * ''montana'' Riley, 1929 & ''galerita'' (Deignan, 1956) from Thailand * ''forrestia'' Oberholser, 1911 from the Mergui Archipelago * ''prophata'' Oberholser, 1911 from Peninsular Malaysia, Sumatra and Borneo. * ''consobrina'' Richmond, 1902 from Simeulue Island * ''abbotti'' Richmond, 1902 from Reusam and Babi islands * ''leucophila'' Oberholser, 1911 from Siberut Island * ''richmondi'' Oberholser, 1911 from Enggano Island * ''opisthocyanea'' Oberholser, 1911 from Anamba Island * ''gigantoptera'' Oberholser, 1911 from Bunguran * ''karimatensis'' Chasen & Kloss, 1932 from Karimata Island * ''javana'' Chasen & Kloss, 1929 from Java and Bali. * ''penidae'' Meise, 1941 from Penida Island * ''symmixta'' Stresemann, 1913 from the Lesser Sundas. * ''aeria'' Bangs & J. L. Peters, 1927 from Maratua Island Some subspecies from the island chains of Southeast Asia, ''blasii'' (Banggai Island), ''catarmanensis'' (off Mindanao) and ''puella'' (Sulawesi), are sometimes treated as the pale-blue monarch, ''Hypothymis puella''. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Black-naped monarch」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
|